Brooklyn totals 97 square miles (250 km
2) in area, of which 71 square miles (180 km
2) is land (73%), and 26 square miles (67 km
2)
is water (27%); the borough is the second-largest in land area among
the boroughs of New York City. However, Kings County, coterminous with
Brooklyn, is New York State's fourth-smallest
county by land area and third-smallest by total area.
[4]
Brooklyn lies at the southwestern end of Long Island, and the borough's
western border constitutes the island's western tip. Brooklyn's water
borders are extensive and varied, including
Jamaica Bay; the
Atlantic Ocean;
The Narrows, separating Brooklyn from the borough of
Staten Island in New York City and crossed by the
Verrazano–Narrows Bridge;
Upper New York Bay, separating Brooklyn from
Jersey City and
Bayonne in the
U.S. state of
New Jersey; and the
East River, separating Brooklyn from the borough of Manhattan in New York City and traversed by the
Brooklyn-Battery Tunnel, the
Brooklyn Bridge, the
Manhattan Bridge, the
Williamsburg Bridge, and numerous routes of the
New York City Subway. To the east of Brooklyn lies the borough of Queens, which contains
John F. Kennedy International Airport in that borough's
Howard Beach neighborhood, approximately two miles from the border of the
East New York neighborhood of Brooklyn.
Boroughscape
Climate
Under the
Köppen climate classification, using the 32 °F (0 °C) coldest month (January)
isotherm, Brooklyn experiences a
humid subtropical climate (
Cfa),
[24] with partial shielding from the
Appalachian Mountains and moderating influences from the
Atlantic Ocean.
Brooklyn receives plentiful precipitation all year round, with nearly
50 in (1,300 mm) yearly. The area averages 234 days with at least some
sunshine annually, and averages 57% of possible sunshine annually,
accumulating 2,535 hours of sunshine per annum.
[25] Brooklyn lies in the
USDA 7b plant hardiness zone.
[26]
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